The mountain lion (Puma concolor), also known as a cougar, puma, or panther is a large, solitary cat native to the Americas from Canada to the southern Andes: the widest range of any wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere. With a sleek, muscular build, powerful limbs, and a tawny coat (concolor means one color) mountain lions are well adapted to a variety of environments including forests, deserts, and mountains. Adult males typically weigh between 115 to 220 pounds, while females are smaller, ranging from 64 to 141 pounds. These large cats evolved as cryptic predators with acute night vision for optimum hunting at dusk and dawn. They rely on stealth and strength to ambush their prey, often delivering a fatal bite to the neck. When possible, they prefer to avoid interactions with humans.

These apex predators prey mainly on deer but also consume smaller animals like raccoons, rabbits, and even insects when necessary. They play a crucial role in maintaining healthy prey populations and balanced ecosystems. Although not considered endangered, mountain lion populations are threatened by habitat loss, vehicle collisions, and conflicts with humans, especially as urban areas expand into their natural territories. RMCC research and conservation efforts aim to protect their habitats and promote coexistence with human communities.